A torrent of severe headaches

Cluster headache is one of the most severe pain disorders known to humankind. It is characterized by sudden, excruciating attacks of pain lasting 15 to 180 minutes, typically affecting one side of the head, such as the eye, forehead, or temple. Up to eight attacks can occur per day. In addition to the pain, symptoms may include red eyes, watery eyes, nasal congestion, runny nose, increased sweating of the forehead and face, constricted pupils, drooping eyelids, eyelid swelling, and restlessness with an urge to move. The attacks occur in clusters over a specific period, usually an active phase of approximately six weeks. The term "cluster headache" is used in English to describe this type of headache. Some sufferers experience headache-free weeks or months between these clusters of attacks; this pattern is classified as episodic cluster headache . Other sufferers do not experience such headache-free intervals; this subtype is chronic cluster headache .

Late diagnosis, serious consequences

According to various studies, the prevalence of cluster headache in the general population is approximately 1%. On average, according to a survey by cluster headache self-help groups in Germany, it takes more than eight years for a correct diagnosis to be made. Effective diagnoses are often made very late or not at all, meaning that effective therapies are either not initiated or only started after many agonizing years of a painful odyssey, doctor-hopping, the use of unconventional methods, and serious complications. Furthermore, cluster headaches are largely unexplored, undiagnosed, and often mistreated or left untreated, making them one of the most debilitating and simultaneously most disabling pain disorders. Social isolation, personality changes, anxiety, depression, despondency, anger, grief, despair, and a loss of the will to live are among its many companions. Family members usually suffer alongside the sufferers, often in fear and despair. Yet, with specialized knowledge, cluster headaches can generally be diagnosed quickly and accurately today. Highly effective treatment options exist, which, when understood and applied appropriately, usually provide effective and rapid relief.

Prevent pain, avoid complications

Cluster headaches are barely mentioned in medical training and continuing education. Disability law makes no mention of this severe pain disorder. Those affected are still considered the stepchildren of medicine. Even the German language lacks a word for this pain. Cluster headaches are the nameless pain . The result is a kind of pain illiteracy. It is often called "suicidal headache": the extinguished will to live without hope describes the tragic individual consequence of a delayed diagnosis and ineffective treatment. This video from a cluster headache clinic documents a typical course of a long, tragic ordeal.