Migraines are caused by a genetic disorder in processing stimuli. This innate special sensitivity to stimuli leads to episodic migraine attacks. However, it also has an effect between attacks. The migraine patient's nervous system reacts particularly sensitively to rapid and excessive stimuli (e.g. stress, anger, tension, noise, light) and cannot adequately protect itself from overstimulation. Migraine sufferers do not get used to recurring stimuli as is usually the case. The increased reactivity of the brain causes a constant increase in brain activity and, as a result, an energy deficit in the nerve cells. The electrical activity of the cerebral cortex is disrupted or breaks down completely. The overactivity of nerve cell groups is accompanied by an uncontrolled release of messenger substances. As a result, a neurogenic inflammatory reaction occurs in the blood vessels of the meninges. Pulsating, throbbing pain occurs. Physical activity increases the pain, so bed rest is usually required. Another consequence is the activation of protective reflexes in the form of nausea and vomiting. In chronic migraine, the sensitization spreads both temporally and spatially.