Migraines are caused by a genetically determined sensory processing disorder. This innate heightened sensitivity to stimuli leads to episodic migraine attacks. However, it also has an impact between attacks. The nervous system of a migraine sufferer reacts particularly sensitively to rapid and excessive stimuli (e.g., stress, anger, tension, noise, light) and cannot adequately protect itself from sensory overload. Migraine sufferers do not adapt to recurring stimuli, as is usually the case. The increased reactivity of the brain results in a continuous increase in brain activity and, consequently, an energy deficit in the nerve cells. The electrical activity of the cerebral cortex is disrupted or collapses completely. The overactivity of nerve cell groups is accompanied by an uncontrolled release of neurotransmitters. As a result, a neurogenic inflammatory reaction occurs in the blood vessels of the meninges. This leads to pulsating, throbbing pain. Physical activity intensifies the pain, so bed rest is usually necessary. Another consequence is the activation of protective reflexes in the form of nausea and vomiting. In chronic migraine, the sensitization spreads both temporally and spatially.